Introduction to Agile and Scrum
1. Overview of Software Process Models
Prescriptive Process Models
- Bring structure and order to software development
- Framework activities:
- Communication
- Planning
- Modeling
- Construction
- Deployment
- Sequential models (waterfall, V-model) - oldest but less suitable for modern development
- Incremental models - iterative with rapid working versions
2. What is Scrum?
Definition
- Agile process focusing on highest business value in shortest time
- Rapid inspection of working software (2-4 weeks)
- Business-driven priorities with self-organizing teams
- Regular review cycles with working software
Key Characteristics
- Self-organizing teams
- "Sprints" of 2-4 weeks
- Product backlog-driven
- Flexible engineering practices
- Generative rules for agile environment
3. Scrum Framework Components
Roles
Product Owner
- Defines product features
- Manages release schedule
- Oversees ROI
- Prioritizes features
- Accepts/rejects deliverables
ScrumMaster
- Management representative
- Process guardian
- Impediment remover
- Productivity enabler
- Team protector
Team
- 5-9 cross-functional members
- Self-organizing
- Full-time dedication
Ceremonies
Sprint Planning
- Backlog item selection
- Sprint backlog creation
- 1-16 hour task estimation
Daily Scrum
- 15-minute standup
- Three questions:
- Yesterday's work
- Today's plan
- Blockers
Sprint Review
- Achievement presentation
- Demo-focused
- Informal format
- 2-hour prep limit
Sprint Retrospective
- Process review
- 15-30 minutes
- Team-wide participation
Artifacts
Product Backlog
- Complete feature list
- Business value prioritization
- Product Owner maintained
Sprint Backlog
- Current sprint tasks
- Team management
- Daily updates
Burndown Charts
- Remaining work visualization
- Daily tracking
- Progress monitoring
4. INVEST Criteria for User Stories
- Independent - Minimal story dependencies
- Negotiable - Flexible details
- Valuable - Clear user/customer benefit
- Estimatable - Effort can be assessed
- Small - Single sprint scope
- Testable - Clear completion criteria
5. Scaling Scrum
- Optimal team size: 7±2 people
- "Scrum of Scrums" for scaling
- Suitable for large projects (500+ people)
- Scaling factors:
- Application nature
- Team dimensions
- Geographical distribution
- Project timeframe
Exam Tips
Key Focus Areas
- Three pillars: Roles, Ceremonies, and Artifacts
- Product vs Sprint Backlog differences
- Ceremony purposes and procedures
- INVEST criteria applications
- Scrum scaling principles